AWS CloudFormation vs Pulumi

AWS CloudFormation models, provisions, and manages related AWS and third-party resources as infrastructure as code. YAML or JSON templates define AWS resources and their properties. StackSets deploy a common set of resources across multiple AWS accounts and Regions; Change Sets preview proposed stack updates, including possible deletion or replacement, and Drift Detection tracks changes made outside the service. For authoring, AWS CDK supports TypeScript, Python, Java, and .NET, while AWS SAM offers shorthand YAML for serverless resources that is converted during deployment. The CloudFormation Registry supports third-party resources and modules, and stacks can be updated from remote Git repositories. The service is available through API, Linux, macOS, web, and Windows, and manages state. CloudFormation itself has a free plan, with no additional charge for AWS and Alexa resource providers, but created AWS resources are billed at their standard rates. Third-party provider and custom hook operations may also incur charges. Access can be managed with IAM, and CloudTrail logs API calls.

Pulumi helps engineers define and manage infrastructure as code using general-purpose languages. Supported languages include TypeScript, JavaScript, Python, Go,.NET, Java, YAML, and HCL, with providers such as AWS, Azure, Google Cloud, Kubernetes, Cloudflare, Datadog, and GitHub. Pulumi ESC centralizes secrets and configuration from major vaults and cloud providers and supports short-lived credentials through OIDC. Pulumi Neo can plan and execute infrastructure tasks, debug deployments, generate code, and provide cloud insights. Pulumi Deployments integrates with CI/CD services including Azure DevOps, Bitbucket, CircleCI, GitHub, GitLab, Google Cloud Build, and Jenkins. The CLI runs on Windows, macOS, and Linux and can use self-managed state backends such as S3, Azure Blob, GCS, or local storage. Listed capabilities include policy as code, drift detection, resource import, and self-hosted execution. The free plan includes one user and up to 500 workflow minutes. Essentials costs $40 a month, Pro $400 a month, and Enterprise $2,000 a month. Pulumi states that its platform is SOC 2 Type II certified.