kube-network-policies vs Network Service Mesh

kube-network-policies is a free, open-source userspace implementation of Kubernetes network policies for Linux. It uses Linux NFQUEUE and nftables to capture and evaluate network traffic in userspace. The project supports standard Kubernetes NetworkPolicy, AdminNetworkPolicy (ANP) and BaselineAdminNetworkPolicy (BANP). It can identify packets from pods targeted by active policies and capture those selectively; enabling ANP or BANP disables that optimization and diverts all node traffic to userspace for evaluation. Its documented evaluation pipeline checks logging, Admin Network Policy, standard NetworkPolicy, Baseline Admin Network Policy, then allows traffic by default. ANP and CNP can match external domain names using an in-memory cache of DNS A and AAAA answers. Structured JSON logs aid troubleshooting, and the PolicyEvaluator plugin pipeline can take custom validation logic. Installation instructions cover raw Kubernetes manifests and Helm. The local development setup uses KIND and lists Docker, KIND and kubectl as prerequisites. ANP or BANP also require experimental Network Policy API CRDs before deployment. The project lists an Apache-2.0 license and directs users to the Kubernetes #sig-network Slack channel and mailing list for maintainers.

Network Service Mesh connects workloads across clusters and clouds through a hybrid, multi-cloud IP service mesh. Each workload can connect independently to zero or more Network Services, regardless of where it runs. The project says it works with an existing CNI without requiring changes to Kubernetes or workloads. Services can provide connectivity, security, and observability at Layer 3 and above, carrying IP or Ethernet payloads.

Clients may be Kubernetes pods, virtual machines, or physical servers. They authenticate independently, currently using SPIFFE IDs, and need authorization to attach. Clients request and close virtual wires over gRPC and can monitor connection status through a streaming call. Endpoint selection offers composition, selective composition, topology awareness, and scale from zero. A service may also provide domain-scoped DNS for connected pods. The architecture describes integration with Istio, Linkerd, Consul, and Kuma. Network Service Mesh is a CNCF sandbox project and is free and open source. Its run guide lists Docker, Go, a Kubernetes cluster, and kubectl as prerequisites; most examples require at least two worker nodes.